The posterior urethral valve is a rare condition that can happen mostly in boys. The trace of this condition is present from birth, and it will cause a blockage in discharging urine from the bladder. The most common reason for developing such a condition is because of the abnormal tissue growth in the urethra. Furthermore, the existence of extra tissues in the urethra will prevent urine from being expelled naturally from the body and thus causes the organs in the urinary tract, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra to be dilated and or in severe cases swollen.

As a result, if the symptoms persist, it will create problems in the tissue and cells in these organs. In addition, the condition causes the urethra valve to become narrow, which makes it extremely difficult for the urine to pass through and consequently result in flowing black into the bladder. Subsequently, if posterior urethral valve symptoms, like weight gain, painful urination, and difficulty in urination are not recognized early, it can seriously damage the infant’s boy vital organs.

Since the posterior urethral valve is a congenital disorder, it means that infant boys are born with it. The clear causes of such a condition are still unclear; however, male fetal development and a genetic component may play an integral role in its development.

The most common type of treatment for the posterior urethral valve is the endoscopic incision of the valves; however, it depends on the severity of the male infant’s condition and how the urethra obstruction has advanced. The procedure which is also called valve ablation or urethral valve ablation will be performed to remove the obstructing valve or trim the extra tissues surrounding the valve. Also, the procedure is considered non-invasive, and it only requires a small incision. In addition, a cystoscope with the help of a camera will be inserted into the urethra to check for any abnormalities in the urinary tract and to ablate the extra tissues.

In some patients, the doctor may advise medication that can help with the treatment, though they cannot be sufficient alone, and it is recommended along with the surgery. In general, the prescribing of medication can help with the bladder wall, which is comprised of two layers. In some patients, muscle hyperactivity can lead to the stiffness of bladder muscle which under these circumstances, taking medication such as, Antispasmotics and Sympathomimetics can help with the relaxation of the muscles. 

• Patients may experience urinary inconstancies o continuous urge to urinate.
• Boys who have had urethral valves surgery need ongoing medical management and should stay in contact with their doctors.
• After six months of the surgery, the doctor may perform a urodynamic study to test the function of the bladder and urethra.

1 in 4000 to 25000 live births have been reported to develop such a condition, and its prevalence is being recognized each year, including in Iran. Since the posterior urethral valve is a congenital anomaly, the safest option for treatment as discussed earlier is minimal surgery, and there is no question that Iranian surgeons have proved their professionalism not only in Iran but also around the world in performing the most complex surgeries. More importantly, one of the Iranian research centers has published extensive research contributing to the effectiveness of the posterior urethral valve surgery and helped in preventing any complications that may occur. Reinforcing the highest medical standards in healthcare centers in addition to the advanced facilities in specialized and sub-specialized hospitals have made Iran become one of the prosperous counties in the Middle East reign to offer the most suitable treatments to patients around the world.